Quiz: Anatomy_H5

Question 1

1. From the following options, choose all statements that correctly describe dendrites.

Choices:

• are highly branched
• the amplitude of electrical signals in this region codes intensity
• usually one per cell
• can be very long and therefore transmit information between different regions of the body
• may be myelinated or unmyelinated

Answers:

• are highly branched
• the amplitude of electrical signals in this region codes intensity

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Dendrites are numerous and highly branched. They conduct graded electrical signals that are proportional to the strength of stimulus.
• Continue

Question 2

2. Which cell contributes to the myelin sheath surrounding numerous axons?

Choices:

• Oligodendrocyte
• Schwann cell
• Microglia
• Ependymal cell
• Satellite cell
• Astrocyte

Answers:

• Oligodendrocyte

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Oligodendrocytes form the myelin sheath in CNS. One oligodendrocyte can contribute to the myelin sheath of up to 50 axons.
• Continue

Question 3

3. Which cell is derived from blood monocytes?

Choices:

• Oligodendrocyte
• Schwann cell
• Microglia
• Ependymal cell
• Satellite cell
• Astrocyte

Answers:

• Microglia

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Microglia are phagocytic cells of the macrophage / monocyte cell lineage.
• Continue

Question 4

4. Which cell provides structural support to neural tissue?

Choices:

• Oligodendrocyte
• Schwann cell
• Microglia
• Ependymal cell
• Satellite cell
• Astrocyte

Answers:

• Astrocyte

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Astrocytes provide structural support to the tissues of the brain and spinal cord.
• Continue

Question 5

5. Many of which cell type is required to completely myelinate a given axon in a peripheral nerve?

Choices:

• Oligodendrocyte
• Schwann cell
• Microglia
• Ependymal cell
• Satellite cell
• Astrocyte

Answers:

• Schwann cell

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Schwann cells form the myelin sheath surrounding a myelinated axon in the PNS. Many schwann cells are needed to myelinate one axon.
• Continue

Question 6

6. Which cell lines the free surfaces (i.e. ventricles and central canal of the spinal cord) within the CNS?

Choices:

• Oligodendrocyte
• Schwann cell
• Microglia
• Ependymal cell
• Satellite cell
• Astrocyte

Answers:

• Ependymal cell

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Ependymal cells line free surfaces within the CNS. They are a component of the choroid plexus and aid CSF production.
• Continue

Question 7

7. Which of the following is the most numerous cell that resides in the ganglia?

Choices:

• Oligodendrocyte
• Schwann cell
• Microglia
• Ependymal cell
• Satellite cell
• Astrocyte

Answers:

• Satellite cell

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Satellite cells surround neuronal cell bodies in the PNS ganglia (i.e DRG). Satellite cells regulate cell bodies’ cellular environment by electrical and chemical insulation.
• Continue

Question 8

8. Identify cell type A.

Choices:

• Neuron
• Astrocyte
• Microglial cell
• Ependymal cell
• Oligodendrocyte

Answers:

• Neuron

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Neurons can be identified by its large, pale and round nucleus, with a dark-stained nucleolus.
• Continue

Question 9

9. Identify the structural class of cell A. Be specific.

Choices:

• Multipolar neuron
• Pseudounipolar neuron
• Bipolar neuron
• Astrocyte

Answers:

• Multipolar neuron

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Multipolar neurons can be identified by the large, round nucleus and irregularly-shaped cell body. The irregular shape is caused by the axon or of dendrites extending from the cell body.
• Continue

Question 10

10. The majority of the smaller nuclei (see arrow) belong to a specific type of cell. What is it?

Choices:

• Microglia
• Ependymal cell
• Oligodendrocyte
• Schwann cell
• Astrocyte

Answers:

• Astrocyte

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Compared to neurons, astrocytes are small and is the majority cell type in the slide.
• Continue

Question 11

11. Identify the histological feature A. Be specific.

Choices:

• Dendrite
• Soma
• Axon
• Axon hillock

Answers:

• Axon hillock

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The axon hillock marks the beginning of an axon. In multipolar neurons, but not pseudounipolar neurons, this is the location of the initial segment where APs initiate.
• Continue

Question 12

12. For the cells indicated by A, identify their structural class. Be specific.

Choices:

• Pseudounipolar
• Bipolar
• Unipolar
• Multipolar

Answers:

• Pseudounipolar

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The dorsal root ganglion contains the large, round cell bodies of pseudounipolar neurons.
• Continue

Question 13

13. Identify the histological features indicated by B. Be specific.

Choices:

• Axon hillock
• Axons
• Soma
• Dendrites

Answers:

• Dendrites

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Dendrites are highly branched structures that receive signals from presynaptic nerve terminals and relay information toward the cell body.
• Continue

Question 14

14. Identify the cell indicated by. Be specific.

Choices:

• Schwann cell
• Oligodendrocyte
• Myelin
• Astrocyte
• Satellite cell

Answers:

• Satellite cell

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Satellite cells surround the large neuronal cell bodies of the ganglia.
• Continue

Question 15

15. Identify layer A. Be specific.

Choices:

• Endoneurium
• Perineurium
• Epineurium
• Myelin

Answers:

• Epineurium

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Epineurium is the areolar CT layer that bundles fascicles together to form a larger nerve, with large vessels embedded within it.
• Continue

Question 16

16. Identify layer A. Be specific.

Choices:

• Endoneurium
• Perineurium
• Epineurium
• Myelin

Answers:

• Perineurium

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Perineurium is a layer of dense irregular CT that surround multiple axons, forming a fascicle.
• Continue

Question 17

17. Identify layer A. Be specific.

Choices:

• Endoneurium
• Epineurium
• Perineurium
• Myelin

Answers:

• Endoneurium

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Endoneurium is the areolar CT layer that surrounds an axon and its Schwann cells.
• Continue

Question 18

18. To what cell type do nuclei A belong? Be specific.

Choices:

• Astrocytes
• Microglial cell
• Schwann cells
• Oligodendrocytes
• Ependymal cells
• Neurons

Answers:

• Ependymal cells

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Ependymal cells are ciliated cuboidal to columnar cells that line free surfaces in CNS (e g. the central canal of spinal cord).
• Continue