Quiz: Anatomy_Lab2

Question 1

1. The ____________ _____________ articulates at A.

Choices:

• 2nd rib
• second rib
• rib 2
• rib two
• the 2nd rib
• the second rib
• rib II

Answers:

• 2nd rib
• second rib
• rib 2
• rib two
• the 2nd rib
• the second rib
• rib II

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! A points to the sternal angle (of Louis). The second ribs articulate here.
• Continue

Question 2

2. What is the name of landmark B?

Choices:

• sternal angle
• angle of Louis
• manubrosternal joint
• the sternal angle
• the angle of louis
• the manubrosternal joint

Answers:

• sternal angle
• angle of Louis
• manubrosternal joint
• the sternal angle
• the angle of louis
• the manubrosternal joint

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! As you just learned, this is the sternal angle, also known as the angle of Louis.
• Continue

Question 3

3. Feature A articulates with the ______ facet of a ______ vertebra (separate answers with one space).

Choices:

• costal thoracic
• costal facet of a thoracic vertebra

Answers:

• costal thoracic
• costal facet of a thoracic vertebra

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The angle of the rib articulates with the transverse facet of a thoracic vertebra.
• Continue

Question 4

4. Identify B.

Choices:

• costal groove
• subcostal groove
• the costal groove
• the subcostal groove

Answers:

• costal groove
• subcostal groove
• the costal groove
• the subcostal groove

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! This is the costal, or subcostal groove. It is a landmark for the intercostal nerve, artery and vein.
• Continue

Question 5

5. Presume this is the fourth thoracic vertebra. Which rib articulates at A?

Choices:

• 5th rib
• 5th
• fifth
• fifth rib
• 5
• five
• rib 5
• rib five

Answers:

• 5th rib
• 5th
• fifth
• fifth rib
• 5
• five
• rib 5
• rib five

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Ribs are enumerated by the vertebra below.
• Continue

Question 6

6. What is the name of the joint at B?

Choices:

• costotransverse joint
• costotransverse

Answers:

• costotransverse joint
• costotransverse

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The articulation between a rib and the transverse process of a thoracic vertebra is a costotransverse joint.
• Continue

Question 1

1. In order, the three branches of vessel A are the ________ _________, the __________ _________ _____ artery, and the _________ __________ artery. Separate your answers with a single space.

Choices:

• brachiocephalic trunk left common carotid left subclavian

Answers:

• brachiocephalic trunk left common carotid left subclavian

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! You must know the order in which these three vessels arise from the arch of the aorta.
• Continue

Question 2

1. B) Name, in order from superior to inferior, the three structures labeled B. (Separate answers with one comma)

Choices:

• posterior intercostal vein posterior intercostal artery intercostal nerve
• posterior intercostal vein, posterior intercostal artery, intercostal nerve
• 1.posterior intercostal vein 2.posterior intercostal artery 3.intercostal nerve
• 1 posterior intercostal vein 2 posterior intercostal artery 3 intercostal nerve
• posterior intercostal vein and artery, intercostal nerve
• posterior intercostal vein and artery intercostal nerve

Answers:

• posterior intercostal vein posterior intercostal artery intercostal nerve
• posterior intercostal vein, posterior intercostal artery, intercostal nerve
• 1.posterior intercostal vein 2.posterior intercostal artery 3.intercostal nerve
• 1 posterior intercostal vein 2 posterior intercostal artery 3 intercostal nerve
• posterior intercostal vein and artery, intercostal nerve
• posterior intercostal vein and artery intercostal nerve

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The intercostal vein, artery and nerve are arranged in this order from superior to inferior.
• Continue

Question 3

2. Which of classes of nerve fibres is contained in nerve A?

Choices:

• somatic motor
• sensory
• postganglionic sympathetic
• preganglionic sympathetic
• postganglionic parasympathetic
• preganglionic parasympathetic

Answers:

• somatic motor
• sensory
• postganglionic sympathetic

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Nerves to the body wall, somatic nerves, contains sensory fibres, somatic motor fibres and sympathetic postganglionic fibres.
• Continue

Question 4

2. B) Identify muscle layer B.

Choices:

• innermost intercostal muscle
• innermost intercostal

Answers:

• innermost intercostal muscle
• innermost intercostal

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The deepest of the intercostal muscles is the innermost intercostal muscles.
• Continue

Question 5

3. A) Identify vessel A.

Choices:

• azygous vein
• azygous v
• azygous

Answers:

• azygous vein
• azygous v
• azygous

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The azygous vein runs vertically to the right of the vertebral column. It collects venous blood from the body wall, bilaterally.
• Continue

Question 6

3. B) Into what vessel does vessel A empty?

Choices:

• superior vena cava
• the superior vena cava

Answers:

• superior vena cava
• the superior vena cava

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The azygous vein arches over the root of the right lung to empty into the superior vena cava.
• Continue

Question 1

1. What is the name of space A?

Choices:

• pleural space
• pleural
• pleural cavity

Answers:

• pleural space
• pleural
• pleural cavity

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The pleural space contains the lungs.
• Continue

Question 2

2. Name the membrane that covers surface B. Be specific.

Choices:

• parietal pleura, costal portion
• costal portion of parietal pleura
• costal portion, parietal pleura
• costal portion of the parietal pleura
• costal part, parietal pluera
• costal part of the parietal pleura
• parietal pleura, costal part
• costal part of parietal pleura
• the costal portion of the parietal pleura
• the costal part of the parietal pleura

Answers:

• parietal pleura, costal portion
• costal portion of parietal pleura
• costal portion, parietal pleura
• costal portion of the parietal pleura
• costal part, parietal pluera
• costal part of the parietal pleura
• parietal pleura, costal part
• costal part of parietal pleura
• the costal portion of the parietal pleura
• the costal part of the parietal pleura

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The walls of the pleural cavity are lined by parietal pleura.
• Continue

Question 3

3. Regarding the region outlined in red: What is the specific name of this surface of the lung?

Choices:

• mediastinal surface
• mediastinal
• mediastinal surface of the lung

Answers:

• mediastinal surface
• mediastinal
• mediastinal surface of the lung

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The surface of the lung adjacent to the mediastinum is referred to as the “mediastinal surface”.
• Continue

Question 4

4. What is the name of region B?

Choices:

• hilum
• hilum of the lung
• lung hilum
• the hilum

Answers:

• hilum
• hilum of the lung
• lung hilum
• the hilum

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The region of an organ that contains its vessels, nerves, lymphatics and, in this case, airways, is referred to as its hilum.
• Continue

Question 5

5. Identify nerve A.

Choices:

• phrenic n
• phrenic nerve
• phrenic
• the phrenic nerve
• a phrenic nerve
• right phrenic nerve
• the right phrenic nerve

Answers:

• phrenic n
• phrenic nerve
• phrenic
• the phrenic nerve
• a phrenic nerve
• right phrenic nerve
• the right phrenic nerve

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Notice that the nerve is running to the diaphragm. It is the phrenic nerve.
• Continue

Question 6

6.What functional classes of fibres are present in nerve A?

Choices:

• somatic motor
• sensory
• postganglionic sympathetic
• preganglionic sympathetic
• postganglionic parasympathetic
• preganglionic parasympathetic

Answers:

• somatic motor
• sensory
• postganglionic sympathetic

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The diaphragm is voluntary (striated) muscle and is derived from cervical somites. It is therefore innervated by the phrenic nerve, a somatic nerve.
• Continue

Question 1

1. Name the serous membrane that covers surface A. Be specific.

Choices:

• visceral pericardium
• visceral portion of pericardium
• visceral portion of serous pericardium
• visceral serous pericardium
• visceral layer of the serous pericaridum
• visceral layer of serous pericardium
• visceral portion of the serous pericardium
• visceral layer of pericardium
• visceral layer of the pericardium

Answers:

• visceral pericardium
• visceral portion of pericardium
• visceral portion of serous pericardium
• visceral serous pericardium
• visceral layer of the serous pericaridum
• visceral layer of serous pericardium
• visceral portion of the serous pericardium
• visceral layer of pericardium
• visceral layer of the pericardium

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The exterior surface of the heart is covered with visceral pericardium.
• Continue

Question 2

2. Name the nerve that delivers sensory fibres to layer B.

Choices:

• phrenic nerve
• phrenic
• phrenic n

Answers:

• phrenic nerve
• phrenic
• phrenic n

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The parietal pericardium is the innermost layer of the coverings of the heart. Like the fibrous pericardium, it receives sensory fibres from the adjacent phrenic nerve.
• Continue

Question 3

3. What chamber of this organ is located at A?

Choices:

• left ventricle
• the left ventricle

Answers:

• left ventricle
• the left ventricle

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The left border and apex of the heart is formed by the left ventricle.
• Continue

Question 4

4. What is the name of the inferior surface of this organ?

Choices:

• diaphragmatic surface
• diaphragmatic surface of the heart
• diaphragmatic
• the diaphragmatic surface

Answers:

• diaphragmatic surface
• diaphragmatic surface of the heart
• diaphragmatic
• the diaphragmatic surface

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The heart sits on the diaphragm, and so its inferior surface is called its diaphragmatic surface.
• Continue

Question 5

5. Name the vein and artery indicated by A.

Choices:

• internal thoracic
• internal thoracic vessels
• internal thoracic artery and vein
• internal thoracic vein and artery
• internal thoracic artery, internal thoracic vein
• internal thoracic vein, internal thoracic artery
• internal thoracic artery and internal thoracic vein
• internal thoracic vein and internal thoracic artery

Answers:

• internal thoracic
• internal thoracic vessels
• internal thoracic artery and vein
• internal thoracic vein and artery
• internal thoracic artery, internal thoracic vein
• internal thoracic vein, internal thoracic artery
• internal thoracic artery and internal thoracic vein
• internal thoracic vein and internal thoracic artery

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The internal thoracic vessels are located on either side of the sternum.
• Continue

Question 6

6. Name the group of lymph nodes that are associated with vessels A.

Choices:

• parasternal
• parasternal nodes
• parasternal lymph nodes

Answers:

• parasternal
• parasternal nodes
• parasternal lymph nodes

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! “para” means “on either side”. The parasternal lymph nodes are located on either side of the sternum.
• Continue

Question 1

1. The hypodermis is also known as the _________________ fascia.

Choices:

• superficial

Answers:

• superficial

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! “hypodermis” and “superficial fascia” refer to the same layer, the loose CT and adipose deep to the skin.
• Continue

Question 2

2. What is fascia?

Choices:

• Fascia is a connective tissue layer observable to the naked eye.
• Fascia is a general term for connective tissue.
• Fascia is another term for “layer”; it can refer to a layer of any tissue type.
• Fascia is a connective tissue layer specifically associated with skin.

Answers:

• Fascia is a connective tissue layer observable to the naked eye.

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Under the microscope, it might be called “areolar CT” or “adipose tissue”.
• Continue

Question 3

3. What are intercostal nerves? Choose all that apply.

Choices:

• continuations of ventral rami
• derived from T1 - T11 spinal nerves
• mixed nerves
• continuations of dorsal rami
• purely sensory nerves
• purely motor nerves

Answers:

• continuations of ventral rami
• derived from T1 - T11 spinal nerves
• mixed nerves

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Intercostal nerves are mixed nerves that are the continuation of the ventral rami between adjacent ribs.
• Continue

Question 4

4. Which intercostal nerves contribute to the innervation of the abdominal wall?

Choices:

• T1 - T11
• T3 - T11
• T5 - T11
• T7 - T11
• T9 - T11

Answers:

• T7 - T11

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! These lower intercostal nerves extend over the costal margin to innervate the upper portions of the abdominal wall.
• Continue

Question 5

5. Which functional fibre types are present in intercostal nerves? Choose all that apply.

Choices:

• somatic motor
• sensory
• postganglionic sympathetic
• preganglionic sympathetic
• postganglionic parasympathetic
• preganglionic parasympathetic

Answers:

• somatic motor
• sensory
• postganglionic sympathetic

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Intercostal nerves are extensions of the ventral rami, and as such, contain the same fibre types as the ventral rami.
• Continue

Question 6

6. What are grey rami communicantes? Choose all that apply.

Choices:

• Grey rami communicantes contain sympathetic postganglionic fibres.
• Grey rami communicantes innervate the thoracic body wall.
• Grey rami communicantes contain unmyelinated axons.
• Grey rami communicantes innervate thoracic viscera.
• Grey rami communicantes contain sympathetic preganglionic fibres.
• Grey rami communicantes contain myelinated axons.

Answers:

• Grey rami communicantes contain sympathetic postganglionic fibres.
• Grey rami communicantes innervate the thoracic body wall.
• Grey rami communicantes contain unmyelinated axons.

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Grey rami communicantes carry unmyelinated sympathetic postganglionic fibres from the sympathetic chain ganglia back to the body wall for distribution via the dorsal and ventral rami and their branches.
• Continue

Question 7

7. What are white rami communicantes? Choose all that apply.

Choices:

• White rami communicantes axons that innervate thoracic viscera.
• White rami communicantes contain sympathetic preganglionic fibres.
• White rami communicantes contain axons that innervate the thoracic body wall.
• White rami communicantes contain myelinated axons.
• White rami communicantes contain sympathetic postganglionic fibres.
• White rami communicantes contain unmyelinated axons.

Answers:

• White rami communicantes axons that innervate thoracic viscera.
• White rami communicantes contain sympathetic preganglionic fibres.
• White rami communicantes contain axons that innervate the thoracic body wall.
• White rami communicantes contain myelinated axons.

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! White rami communicantes carry myelinated sympathetic preganglionic fibres to the sympathetic chain ganglia. Neurons in the ganglia innervate either the body wall via the grey rami communicantes, or thoracic viscera via visceral (splanchnic) nerves.
• Continue

Question 8

8. Where are the target tissues of the postganglionic cell bodies contained within sympathetic chain ganglia? Choose all that apply.

Choices:

• the body wall and limbs
• thoracic viscera
• abdominal viscera
• pelvic viscera

Answers:

• the body wall and limbs
• thoracic viscera

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Sympathetic postganglionic neurons in the chain ganglia innervate targets in the body wall and in the thorax.
• Continue

Question 9

9. What is a splanchnic nerve? Choose all that apply.

Choices:

• a nerve that contains postganglionic fibres
• a nerve that contains preganglionic fibres
• a nerve that innervates viscera
• a nerve that contains sympathetic fibres
• a nerve that contains parasympathetic fibres
• a nerve that innervates the body wall and limbs

Answers:

• a nerve that contains postganglionic fibres
• a nerve that contains preganglionic fibres
• a nerve that innervates viscera
• a nerve that contains sympathetic fibres
• a nerve that contains parasympathetic fibres

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! “splanchnic” is a general term for a nerve that innervated viscera, as opposed to the body wall and limbs, which are called “somatic” nerves.
• Continue

Question 10

10. What is a terminal ganglion? Choose all that apply.

Choices:

• a ganglion located near its target organ
• a collection of parasympathetic postganglionic neuronal cell bodies
• a ganglion located within the wall of its target organ
• a collection of sympathetic preganglionic neuronal cell bodies
• a collection of sympathetic postganglionic neuronal cell bodies
• a collection of parasympathetic preganglionic neuronal cell bodies

Answers:

• a ganglion located near its target organ
• a collection of parasympathetic postganglionic neuronal cell bodies

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Terminal ganglia are parasympathetic ganglia that are located near to, but not within the walls of, their target organ.
• Continue

Question 11

11. Which functional fibre types feed into the cardiac plexus?

Choices:

• sympathetic postganglionic axons
• parasympathetic preganglionic axons
• sympathetic preganglionic axons
• parasympathetic postganglionic axons

Answers:

• sympathetic postganglionic axons
• parasympathetic preganglionic axons

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Sympathetic postganglionic fibres arise from the chain ganglia and parasympathetic preganglionic fibres are contained within the vagus nerves.
• Continue

Question 12

12. Which of the following contain sensory fibres that carry information regarding normal cardiovascular function toward the central nervous system? Choose all that apply.

Choices:

• vagus nerve
• cardiac plexus
• dorsal roots
• spinal nerve
• cardiac splanchnic nerves
• white ramus communicans

Answers:

• vagus nerve
• cardiac plexus

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Sensory fibres carrying homeostatic information from thoracic viscera travel with parasympathetic nerves back to the brainstem.
• Continue

Question 13

13. Which of the following contain sensory fibres that carry information regarding tissue damage (ultimately interpreted as pain) from the esophagus toward the central nervous system? Choose all that apply.

Choices:

• spinal nerve
• white ramus communicans
• esophageal splanchnic nerves
• esophageal plexus
• dorsal roots
• vagus nerve

Answers:

• spinal nerve
• white ramus communicans
• esophageal splanchnic nerves
• esophageal plexus
• dorsal roots

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! These options correctly trace the pathway of visceral sensory fibres conducting pain afferents from the esophagus to the spinal cord.
• Continue

Question 14

14. Sensory fibres that convey pain from the heart to the CNS travel through which of the following structures? Choose all that apply.

Choices:

• spinal nerve
• white ramus communicans
• cardiac splanchnic nerves
• cardiac plexus
• dorsal roots
• grey ramus communicans
• vagus nerve

Answers:

• spinal nerve
• white ramus communicans
• cardiac splanchnic nerves
• cardiac plexus
• dorsal roots

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Again, these options correctly trace the pathway of visceral sensory fibres conducting pain afferents from the heart to the spinal cord.
• Continue

Question 15

15. What is interstitial fluid? Choose all that apply..

Choices:

• It is the medium through which oxygen and nutrients diffuse from blood to cells.
• It is the medium through which carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes diffuse from cells to blood.
• It is derived from lymph.
• It is filtered through lymph nodes.

Answers:

• It is the medium through which oxygen and nutrients diffuse from blood to cells.
• It is the medium through which carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes diffuse from cells to blood.

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Lymph is derived from interstitial fluid, not the other way around!
• Continue

Question 16

16. There are no lymphatics in the bone marrow.

Choices:

• True
• False

Answers:

• True

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right!
• Continue

Question 17

17. With which body region are superficial lymph nodes associated?

Choices:

• skin
• digestive tract
• respiratory tract
• aortic region

Answers:

• skin

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! These other structures are deep to the skin.
• Continue

Question 18

18. _______ lymph nodes are associated with internal body surfaces, such as the airways and digestive tract.

Choices:

• Deep

Answers:

• Deep

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Deep nodes collect lymph from these internal body surfaces.
• Continue

Question 19

19. With which body region are the axillary lymph nodes associated?

Choices:

• skin
• digestive and respiratory tracts
• arm pit
• groin
• neck
• base of head

Answers:

• arm pit

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! “Axilla” is the term for the region you’ve until now called your arm pit.
• Continue

Question 20

20. With which body region are the inguinal lymph nodes associated?

Choices:

• skin
• digestive and respiratory tracts
• arm pit
• groin
• neck
• base of head

Answers:

• groin

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The groin is also known as the inguinal region.
• Continue

Question 21

21. With which body region are the cervical lymph nodes associated?

Choices:

• skin
• digestive and respiratory tracts
• arm pit
• groin
• neck
• base of head

Answers:

• neck

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! “Cervix” means neck. The “cervix” of the uterus (and other organs) is its narrowed portion that resembles a neck.
• Continue

Question 22

22. With which body region are the pericranial lymph nodes associated?

Choices:

• skin
• digestive and respiratory tracts
• arm pit
• groin
• neck
• base of head

Answers:

• base of head

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! “Peri” means around. The pericranial lymph nodes surround the base of the skull.
• Continue

Question 23

23. From which body region does the bronchomediastinal trunk collect lymph?

Choices:

• thoracic viscera
• head and neck
• arm and axilla
• right side: i) head and neck, ii) arm and axilla, iii) thoracic viscera
• thoracic wall, bilaterally

Answers:

• thoracic viscera

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! The bronchomediastinal trunk collects lymph from nodes associated with airways and with mediastinal structures.
• Continue

Question 24

24. From which body region does the internal jugular trunk collect lymph?

Choices:

• thoracic viscera
• head and neck
• arm and axilla
• right side: i) head and neck, ii) arm and axilla, iii) thoracic viscera
• thoracic wall, bilaterally

Answers:

• head and neck

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Lymph nodes of the head and neck drain into lymph nodes associated with the internal jugular vein.
• Continue

Question 25

25. From which body region does the subclavian trunk collect lymph?

Choices:

• thoracic viscera
• head and neck
• arm and axilla
• right side: i) head and neck, ii) arm and axilla, iii) thoracic viscera
• thoracic wall, bilaterally

Answers:

• arm and axilla

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Lymph nodes of the arm and axilla drain via the subclavian trunk.
• Continue

Question 26

26. From which body region does the right lymphatic duct collect lymph?

Choices:

• thoracic viscera
• head and neck
• arm and axilla
• right side: i) head and neck, ii) arm and axilla, iii) thoracic viscera
• thoracic wall, bilaterally

Answers:

• right side: i) head and neck, ii) arm and axilla, iii) thoracic viscera

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! These are the regions NOT drained by the thoracic duct.
• Continue

Question 27

27. From which body regions does the thoracic duct collect lymph? Choose all that apply.

Choices:

• right lower quadrant
• left lower quadrant
• left upper quadrant
• right upper quadrant

Answers:

• right lower quadrant
• left lower quadrant
• left upper quadrant

Comments:

• Correct
• That's right! Lymph from these regions drains into the thoracic duct.
• Continue