Quiz: Anatomy_Lab20

Question 1

1. Regarding the functional subdivisions of the cerebellum, the flocculus and nodule comprise the ____________________.

Choices:

• vestibulocerebellum

Answers:

• vestibulocerebellum

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! The flocculus and nodule comprise the vestibulocerebellum, a functional subdivision of the cerebellum that concerns itself with posture and balance.
• Continue

Question 2

2. Information regarding movements that are planned or ongoing enters the cerebellum via the _________________ cerebellar peduncle.

Choices:

• middle

Answers:

• middle

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! The cerebellum receives information about anticipated movement through pontocerebellar input. The pontocerebellar fibres make up the middle cerebellar peduncle.
• Continue

Question 3

3. Disorders of gait and balance can occur with damage to the _____________ cerebellar peduncle.

Choices:

• inferior

Answers:

• inferior

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! The inferior cerebellar peduncle influences balance and gait through the ipsilateral vestibulospinal and reticulospinal pathways respectively.
• Continue

Question 4

4. Information from the vestibular apparatus regarding our position in, and movement through, space enters the cerebellum via the _________________ cerebellar peduncle.

Choices:

• inferior

Answers:

• inferior

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! The vestibular apparatus provides information regarding the static position of the head and its acceleration through space via the inferior cerebellar peduncle.
• Continue

Question 5

5. Midline cerebellar lesions cause disorders of ______________ and _______________. (two words separated by one space)

Choices:

• balance gait
• gait balance

Answers:

• balance gait
• gait balance

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! Midline cerebellar lesions affect balance and gait.
• Continue

Question 6

6. Regarding the functional subdivisions of the cerebellum, the vermis and paravermal regions comprise the ____________________.

Choices:

• spinocerebellum

Answers:

• spinocerebellum

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! The vermis and the paravermal regions comprise the spinocerebellum which concerns itself with gait.
• Continue

Question 7

7. Cerebellar outputs that project to motor areas of the contralateral cerebral cortex exit the cerebellum via the _______________ cerebellar peduncle.

Choices:

• superior

Answers:

• superior

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! The cerebellar outputs to motor areas of the contralateral cerebral cortex exit via the superior cerebellar peduncle.
• Continue

Question 8

8. Hemispheric cerebellar lesions cause disordered movement of ____________ ___________ musculature. (two words separated by one space)

Choices:

• distal limb

Answers:

• distal limb

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! Lesions of the cerebellar hemisphere cause disordered movement of ipsilateral distal limb musculature.
• Continue

Question 9

9. Regarding the functional subdivisions of the cerebellum, the cerebellar hemispheres comprise the ____________________.

Choices:

• cerebrocerebellum

Answers:

• cerebrocerebellum

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! The cerebrocerebellum is comprised of the lateral cerebellar hemispheres.
• Continue

Question 10

10. Cerebellar outputs project to _________________ motor areas of the cerebral cortex. (ipsilateral / contralateral)

Choices:

• contralateral

Answers:

• contralateral

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! The cerebellar outputs project to the contralateral motor areas of the cerebral cortex. Remember, the ONLY contralateral input to the cerebellar hemisphere comes from motor planning area.
• Continue

Question 1

1. Most brain capillaries are of the ______________ type.

Choices:

• continuous

Answers:

• continuous

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! Most brain capillaries are continuous, meaning that the endothelial cells are joined by tight junctions (TJs). TJs limit molecular movement via the paracellular route.
• Continue

Question 2

2. This image demonstrates an example of a(n) ______________ hydrocephalus.

Choices:

• obstructive

Answers:

• obstructive

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! The image demonstrates an example of an obstructive hydrocephalus. Notice the enlargement of the lateral and third ventricles but not the fourth.
• Continue

Question 3

3. At what point is the ventricular system blocked in this case?

Choices:

• cerebral aqueduct
• at the cerebral aqueduct
• aqueduct of Sylvius
• at the aqueduct of Sylvius

Answers:

• cerebral aqueduct
• at the cerebral aqueduct
• aqueduct of Sylvius
• at the aqueduct of Sylvius

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! Blockage occurs at the cerebral aqueduct (aqueduct of Sylvius) as only the lateral and third ventricles are enlarged.
• Continue

Question 4

4. Fluid is free to move, unimpeded, across the ependymal lining of the choroid plexus.

Choices:

• True
• False

Answers:

• False

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! The choroid ependymal cells are joined by TJs, therefore, fluid is unable to move freely across ependymal lining of choroid plexus.
• Continue

Question 5

5. Blood brain barrier breakdown occurs in which pathology / pathologies? Choose all that apply.

Choices:

• tumour
• inflammation
• arteriovenous malformations
• hydrocephalus
• acute stroke

Answers:

• tumour
• inflammation
• arteriovenous malformations

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! BBB breakdown occurs in tumour, inflammation and arteriovenous malformation. BBB breakdown occurs in later stages of stroke, but not in the acute phase.
• Continue

Question 6

6. In which brain ventricles is choroid plexus present? Choose all that apply

Choices:

• fourth
• third
• lateral

Answers:

• fourth
• third
• lateral

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! Choroid plexus is present in all ventricles of the brain.
• Continue

Question 7

7. Capillaries of the choroid plexus are of the ______________ type.

Choices:

• fenestrated

Answers:

• fenestrated

Comments:

• Correct
• That’s right! Capillaries of the choroid plexus are fenestrated to allow production of CSF.
• Continue